Sintesis, Karakterisasi dan Aplikasi Zeolit Berbahan Dasar Kaolin dan Abu Sekam Padi untuk Adsorpsi Logam Tembaga dan Krom dalam Limbah Cair Industri Pelapisan Logam

Putri Hawa Syaifie, Agus Taufiq, Gladys Ayu Wardhani

Abstract


Zeolites made from Bangka clay and Karawang rice husk ash were synthesized through the reaction between sodium silicate and sodium aluminate with the volume ratio of 25:25:50 (K4) and 50:25:25 (K6). Sodium silicate was obtained from the reaction of  rice husk ash, clay and NaOH. Meanwhile, sodium aluminate was obtained from the reaction between NaOH and Al(OH)3.  Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) instrumentation was used to characterize the bond and structure of the zeolite, while that of the surface morphology was observed using Scanning Electrone Microscope (SEM) . The bonds formed in the K4 and K6 zeolites showed Si-Al interactions, which were indicated by FTIR spectra. The interactions included Si-OH bending vibrations, vibrations of O-Si-O and O-Al-O asymmetry stretches, symmetric stretching vibrations of O-Si-O and O-Al-O, and vibrations of double ring bonding. The results revealed that synthetic zeolites of K4 and K6 were able to absorb Cu and Cr metals in waste water industry with the adsorption efficiency of 88-99% for 30 minutes of contact time. The zeolite (K4 and K6) adsorptions followed the second order pseudo reaction for Cu and Cr metals which was identified as the chemisorption mechanism.


Zeolit berbahan dasar kaolin Bangka dan abu sekam padi Karawang disintesis melalui reaksi antara natrium silikat dan natrium aluminat dengan variasi volume rasio 25:25:50 (K4) dan 50:25:25 (K6). Natrium silikat diperoleh dari reaksi antara abu sekam padi dengan kaolin dan NaOH. Sedangkan, natrium aluminat diperoleh dari reaksi antara NaOH dengan Al(OH)3. Zeolit diidentifikasi ikatan dan struktur penyusunnya menggunakan instrumentasi Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) dan diamati morfologi permukaannya menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Ikatan yang terbentuk pada zeolit K4 dan K6 menunjukkan adanya interaksi Si-Al yang ditunjukkan oleh spektra FTIR.  Interaksi yang dihasilkan meliputi vibrasi tekuk Si-OH, vibrasi ulur asimetri O-Si-O dan O-Al-O, vibrasi ulur simetri O-Si-O dan O-Al-O, serta vibrasi ikatan cincin ganda. Kristal zeolit sintetis memiliki bentuk kubik , segi enam beraturan  dan bulatan lonjong yang ditunjukkan pada hasil SEM. Aplikasi zeolit dilakukan pada variasi waktu kontak 10-60 menit dengan mengontakkan zeolit sintetis K4 dan K6 dengan limbah cair industri electroplating. Hasilnya, zeolit sintetis K4 dan K6 mampu menyerap logam Cu dan Cr dalam limbah cair industri dengan efisiensi adsorpsi mencapai 88-99% dalam waktu 30 menit. Kinetika adsorpsi zeolit K4 dan K6 mengikuti persamaan orde pseudo kedua untuk logam Cu dan Cr yang artinya proses adsorpsi terjadi secara kemisorpsi.


Keywords


abu sekam padi, kaolin, zeolit sintetis, adsorben, logam

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.37209/jtbbt.v9i1.129

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