Pengaruh Parameter Las Proses SAW terhadap Peningkatan Kualitas Sambungan Las Tabung Baja LPG
Abstract
Weld defects in the form of porosity and lack of fusion in Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) process on flatrotating 3kg LPG cylinder steel has occurred. The defects are caused by improper welding parameters, such as:dirty and moist granular flux; the low of current, voltage, and welding speed; and the unsymmetric of cylinder steel on turn table. The steps of improvements on granular flux consist of heating at temperature of 200 C for 60-120 min. holding time, cleaning and filtering. Afterwards, the improvement in welding parameters were conducted by adjusting current in range of 300-325 amp., voltage in the range of 29-30 volt, and welding speed of 126 cm/min. Quality improvement obtained from 3kg LPG cylinder steel welded are smooth ripple-weld, good penetration vertically and optimum weld bead height. Besides, the result of radiographic tests on the weld joint 3kg LPG steel cylinder meet the standard specifications according to SNI 05-3563-1994 indicated by no porosity and lack of fusion defects.
Telah ditemukan cacat las berupa porositas dan lack of fusion hasil proses Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) pada tabung baja LPG 3 kg di posisi mendatar-berputar. Cacat-cacat las ini disebabkan oleh parameter pengelasan yang tidak sesuai, seperti: granular flux kotor dan lembab; arus, tegangan, dan welding speed rendah; dan tabung baja pada turn table kurang simetris. Langkah perbaikan yang diambil untuk granular flux adalah berupa pemanasan pada suhu 200oC dengan holding time 60 s.d 120 menit, pembersihan, dan penyaringan. Kemudian, perbaikan parameter las berupa: arus 300 s.d 325 amps, tegangan 29 s.d 30 volts, welding speed 126 cm/menit dan untuk tabung baja pada turn table dikondisikan simetris. Peningkatan kualitas yang diperoleh pada sambungan las tabung baja LPG 3 kg yaitu ripple-weld yang halus, penetrasi ke arah vertikal yang baik serta tinggi manik las (bead) yang optimal. Selain itu, hasil pemeriksaan radiografi test pada sambungan las circumferensial tabung baja LPG 3 kg memenuhi spesifikasi standar SNI 05-3563-1994 ditandai dengan tidak munculnya cacat porositas dan lack of fusion.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.37209/jtbbt.v4i1.43
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