Pengaruh Kitosan terhadap Kristalinitas dan Morfologi Partikel Lithium Titanat
Abstract
Battery consists of cathode, anode, and electrolyte. Spinel Lithium Titanate, known as Li4Ti5O12spinel is an alternative material for anode substituting carbon due to its ability to generate large current for high-discharged battery. It can be applied for the electric car battery.A commonly used battery synthesis method is High Energy Ball Milling. However, that method is time consuming and require massive amount of energy. In this research, Li4Ti5O12synthesized as an anode for lithium ion battery through sol-gel method with chitosan variable as the dispersing agent. Formed gel then calcinated with temperature of 750oC. Synthesized powder was characterized using XRD (X-ray Diffractometry) and SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) methods.Li4Ti5O12 was successfully synthesized with sol-gel method and chitosan as the dispersing agent. Based on the XRD characterization result, at the 750oC calcination temperature, 95–97%. Li4Ti5O12 phase was formed. Chitosan played a good role of being the dispersing agent because it was able to increase crystallinity, reduce the size of Li4Ti5O12powder particle, and reduce the particle agglomeration. Observation with SEM shows that the particle size is categorized as submicron, which size is ranged in 75–300 nm. It is potential to be used as the material for lithium battery anode that come near to theoretical capacity.
Baterai terdiri dari katoda, anoda, dan elektrolit. Lithium titanat spinel atau Li4Ti5O12 spinel adalah material anoda alternatif untuk menggantikan karbon karena memiliki kemampuan untuk memberikan arus besar yang dapat diaplikasikan sebagai baterai pada mobil listrik.Metode yang saat ini sering digunakan untuk pembuatan baterai adalah High Energy Ball Milling, namun energi yang dibutuhkan sangat besar dan waktu pengerjaan dengan metode ini pun cukup lama. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan sintesis serbuk Li4Ti5O12 sebagai anoda baterai lithium ion dengan metode sol-gel dengan variabel kitosan sebagai dispersing agent. Gel yang terbentuk dikalsinasi pada variasi suhu 750oC. Serbuk hasil sintesis dikarakterisasi menggunakan metode XRD (X-ray Diffractometry) dan SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy). Pada penelitian ini telah berhasil disintesis Li4Ti5O12 dengan metode sol-gel dengan kitosan sebagai dispersing agent. Pada suhu kalsinasi 750oC terbentuk 95–97% fasa Li4Ti5O12 yang diketahui dari berdasarkan hasil karakterisasi XRD, kitosan berperan baik sebagai dispersing agent karena dapat meningkatkan kristalinitas, memperkecil ukuran partikel dari serbuk Li4Ti5O12, dan mengurangi aglomerasi partikel. Hasil pengamatan dengan SEM menunjukkan bahwa ukuran dari partikel tergolong pada ukuran submikron yaitu berkisar 75–300 nm yang berpotensi sebagai material anoda baterai lithium yang mendekati kapasitas secara teori.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.37209/jtbbt.v4i2.46
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