Pengaruh Temperatur pada Sifat Aspal Buton Granular Lapis
Abstract
The utilization of abundant buton asphalt needs to be developed for partial substitution of that from by products of oil refineries and from import. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of coating process variables on the quality of Buton Granular Asphalt (BGA), originated from the mine of Lawele. The experimental study consisted of three phases, i.e. preparation of materials, coating process, and physical testing on coated BGA. Material for the primary coating was a mixture of starch, water and alcohol, while for the secondary coating was a mixture of cement and fly ash or kaolin. The coating process consisted of three steps, ie. primary coating, secondary coating and drying of coated asphalt. When drying was conducted at a temperature of 26oC, there were no-significant effects on plasticity index, cement content in the secondary coat, and mass ratio of secondary coat to asphalt granule on the compressive strength of the asphalt granule. However for drying at 60oC, significant effects of those independent variables on its granule characteristic were observed. Higher values of plasticity index, cement content, and mass ratio gave a higher values of the sticky fraction of granule during the compression test. The coating material started to degrade at 70oC.
Pemanfaatan aspal buton yang cadangannya sangat besar perlu dikembangkan untuk substitusi aspal produk samping kilang minyak maupun aspal impor. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variabel-variabel proses pelapisan (coating) terhadap kualitas Aspal Buton Granular (ABG), yang berasal dari tambang Lawele. Penelitian terdiri dari tiga tahap, yaitu persiapan bahan, proses pelapisan, dan uji ABG hasil pelapisan. Bahan pelapis adalah campuran kanji, air dan alkohol (primary coating), dan campuran semen dan fly ash atau kaolin (secondary coating). Proses pelapisan terdiri atas tiga tahap: pelapisan primer, pelapisan sekunder, dan pengeringan aspal hasil pelapisan. Variabel proses pelapisan (predictor variable) pada percobaan ini adalah indeks plastisitas bahan pelapis sekunder, kadar semen dalam bahan pelapis sekunder, dan rasio massa ABG terhadap massa bahan pelapis sekunder. Proses pengeringan aspal hasil pelapisan dilakukan pada kondisi udara ambien. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada variabel pelapisan yang memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap variabel respon, yaitu kadar air ABG hasil pelapisan dan variabel respon hasil uji tekan pada temperatur ruang 26oC. Kuat tekan ABG hasil pelapisan pada temperatur 60oC dipengaruhi oleh ketiga variabel pelapisan. Semakin tinggi nilai indeks plastisitas bahan pelapis sekunder, kadar semen dalam bahan pelapis sekunder, dan rasio massa ABG terhadap massa bahan pelapis sekunder, semakin tinggi nilai fraksi lengket ABG hasil uji tekan pada temperatur 60oC. Hasil uji degradasi menunjukkan bahwa pelapis ABG mulai terdegradasi pada temperatur 70oC.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.37209/jtbbt.v5i2.59
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