Rancang Bangun Umpan Balik Eksternal untuk Kendali Sudut Motor Servo Berbasis Arduino
Abstract
The design of external feedback to control the angular position AC servo motor Arduino-based using rotary encoder sensor has been done. The objective of this research was to minimize the error of the absolute angle of the motor shaft. Position control in AC servo motors MHMD022G1U model was relative, so the chances of mistake in the angle position would be relative very large, especially at the times of pulse distortion or when the power supply has lost. Sensor rotary encoder EP50S8-1024-2F-P-24 type coupled to the motor shaft to read the actual angle was used as an external feedback. A rotary encoder which describes the actual angle position of the AC servo motor generated digital code 10-bit, which was then converted into decimal data in the range of 0-1023 using a microcontroller Arduino Nano V3. Feedback data received by Arduino microcontroller was used to adjust the position or angle of the shaft from AC servo motors. The results showed that the control angle AC servo motors on all variations of a frequency or speed contained oscillation, where the standard deviations were 1.62º at 1 kHz, 1.92º at 5 kHz, 2.29º at 10 kHz, and 19.01º at 50 kHz. However, the average value of the angular position of motor rotation could follow the reference given by the potentiometer.
Rancang bangun umpan balik eksternal untuk kendali posisi sudut AC motor servo berbasis Arduino menggunakan sensor rotary encoder telah dilakukan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk meminimalisir kesalahan posisi sudut absolut dari poros motor. Kendali posisi pada AC motor servo tipe MHMD022G1U diamati bersifat relatif, sehingga peluang terjadinya kesalahan penentuan posisi sudut sangat besar, terutama pada saat terjadi distorsi pulsa atau saat suplai daya hilang. Sensor rotary encoder tipe EP50S8-1024-2F-P-24 dikopel dengan poros motor untuk membaca sudut aktual yang kemudian dijadikan sebagai umpan balik eksternal. Rotary encoder yang menggambarkan position sudut actual dari of AC servo motor menghasilkan digital code 10-bit yang kemudian dikonversi menjadi data desimal dengan rentang 0-1023 menggunakan sebuah mikrokontroler Arduino Nano V3. Data umpan balik yang diterima oleh mikrokontroler Arduino digunakan untuk menyesuaikan posisi atau sudut dari putaran poros motor servo AC. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada kendali sudut motor servo AC terdapat osilasi pada semua variasi frekuensi atau kecepatan yang diberikan dengan standar deviasi 1,62º pada 1 kHz, 1,92º pada 5 kHz, 2,29º pada 10 kHz, dan 19,01º pada 50 kHz. Walaupun demikian, nilai rata-rata posisi sudut putaran motor tetap dapat mengikuti referensi yang diberikan oleh potensiometer.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.37209/jtbbt.v6i2.68
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