Karakteristik Sifat Mekanik Baja Laterit Melalui Proses Pengerjaan dan Perlakuan Panas
Abstract
Steel laterite potentially meet the national infrastructure demand that requires toughness properties because of Ni content is about 2-3%. In this study, there were five types composition of the as-cast steel laterite from decarburises Nickel Pig Iron (NPI) process. Five types of compositions as-cast steel were prepared for homogenizing process at 900 °C and subsequently hot rolled into the size 6,5 mm thick from 40 mm. Hot rolled process conducted at 980 °C with three stages of reduction. The first stage was 60%, 40% the second and last stage was 30%. Samples subsequently cooled in the air and prepared for hardness test and tensile test. Results of hot rolled process showed that the formability of steel laterite quite well with no crack during hot rolled. Increased mechanical properties of steel promoted by hot rolled process with optimum results 238,5 HB and 779 N/mm2 respectively. Metallography observation obtained show that Ni was promoted grain refining on recrystallization phenomena.
Baja berbasis bijih nikel laterit berpotensi diaplikasikan dalam infrastruktur yang membutuhkan sifat tangguh karena kandungan Ni yang dimiliki yaitu sebesar 2-3%. Dalam studi ini telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai sifat mekanik terhadap lima jenis komposisi as-cast baja laterit hasil proses dekarburisasi Nickel Pig Iron (NPI). Baja laterit hasil as-cast dengan lima jenis komposisi terlebih dahulu dilakukan homogenisasi dengan proses anil pada suhu 900 °C. Spesimen baja kemudian dilakukan pengerolan panas hingga menjadi pelat dengan ketebalan 6 mm dari tebal awal 40 mm. Proses pengerolan dilakukan pada suhu 980 °C dengan tiga tahap reduksi yaitu 60%, 40% dan 30%. Setelah proses pengerolan panas dilakukan, pelat didinginkan di udara dan kemudian dilakukan uji kekerasan dan uji tarik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mampu bentuk baja laterit cukup baik dengan tidak ditunjukkannya keretakan pada sampel. Hasil uji kekerasan dan uji tarik juga menunjukkan kecenderungan peningkatan pada tiap sampel baja dengan nilai optimal mencapai 238,5 HB dan 779 N/mm2. Ditinjau dari pengamatan struktur mikro, paduan Ni memicu penghalusan butir dalam fenomena rekristalisasi.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Astuti, W. et al., Pembuatan Nickel Pig Iron (NPI) Dari Bijih Nikel Laterit Indonesia Menggunakan Mini Blast Furnace. Prosiding InSINas, pp.66–71, 2012.
Binudi, R. & Adjiantoro, B., Pengaruh Unsur Ni, Cr dan Mn Terhadap Sifat Mekanik Baja Kekuatan Tinggi Berbasis Laterit. MAJALAH ILMU DAN TEKNOLOGI, 2013.
Yang, C.-W., Williams, D.B. & Goldstein, J.I., A revision of the Fe-Ni phase diagram at low temperatures (<400 °C). Journal of Phase Equilibria, 17(6), pp.522–531, 1996.
Chen, F. & Cui, Z., Mesoscale simulation of microstructure evolution during multi-stage hot forging processes. iopscience, 045008, 2012.
D.M. Stefanescu, ASM METALS HANDBOOK, 1988.
Degarmo, E.P., Kohser, R. a & Klamecki, B.E., Materials and Process in Manufactoring. Materials and Process in Manufactoring, p.383, 2003.
Ebrahimi, G.R. & Javdani, M., Effect of Thermo-Mechanical Parameters on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Microalloyed Steels., pp.454–458, 2010.
Habashi, F., Handbook of Extractive Metallurgy, 1997.
Yusuf & Herianto, E., Pembuatan Besi Nugget dari Pasir Besi dan Bijih Besi Laterit: Tantangan dan Kemungkinan Keberhasilannya. Majalah Ilmu Dan Teknologi, 2008.
Doherty, R., Primary Recrystallization, 2001.
Lange, K. & McGraw, Handbook of Metal Forming, 1985.
Higgins, R., Engineering Metallurgy. Applied Physical Metallurgy, 1993.
Humphreys, F. & Hatherly, M., Recrystallisation and Related Annealing Bacterial Adhesion. Molecular and eco- Anheftungsniechanismen wurden fur Falle. elsevier, 653, pp.5–6, 2004.
Karbasian, H. & Tekkaya, A.E., Journal of Materials Processing Technology A review on hot stamping. Journal of Materials Processing Tech., 210(15), pp.2103–2118, 2010.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.37209/jtbbt.v6i2.72
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Address:
Center for Material and Technical Product (B4T)
Jl. Sangkuriang No.14, Bandung, 40135, INDONESIA.
Email : jurnal.tbbt@b4t.go.id
Telp : +62-22-2504088
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.