Karakterisasi Sifat Mekanik dan Struktur Mikro pada Baja Laterit dengan Proses Cold Rolling
Abstract
Laterite steel is an alternative basic material in steel production and can be developed with various metal deformation. This research showed a cold rolled process of laterite steel, which thickness were deformed by 3, 6, 9, and 12 percent reduction. Micro structure observations were carried out using an optical microscope that were prepared until the etching process. Likewise, hardness, tensile strength and impact toughness tests were carried out to determine mechanical properties. Cold rolling process was carried out after annealing heat treatment at a temperature of 900oC with the aim to improve the mechanical properties and characteristics of the microstructure. Increasing the maximum mechanical properties of the reduction variations used is a reduction of 12% with the highest hardness value of 265.33 HV followed by the Ultimate Tensile Strength value of 18.43 N / mm2 and Yield Strength of 16.43 N/mm2 and the impact value of 0.015 J/mm2. In the observation of microstructure, the average grain diameter decreased which caused a laterite steel sample to increase in hardness.
Baja laterit merupakan bahan dasar alternatif pada produksi baja dan dapat dikembangkan dengan berbagai macam pembentukan logam. Penelitian ini telah menunjukkan proses canai dingin dari baja laterit, yang ketebalannya terdeformasi sebesar 3, 6, 9, dan 12 persen reduksi. Pengamatan struktur mikro dilakukan menggunakan mikroskop optik yang dipersiapkan hingga proses etsa. Demikian pula pengujian kekerasan, kekuatan tarik dan ketangguhan impak dilakukan untuk mengetahui sifat mekanik. Proses pencanaian dingin dilakukan setelah perlakuan panas annealing pada suhu 900oC dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan sifat mekanik dan karakteristik struktur mikronya. Peningkatan sifat mekanik maksimal dari variasi reduksi yang digunakan adalah reduksi 12 % dengan nilai kekerasan tertinggi sebesar 265,33 HV yang diikuti nilai Ultimate Tensile Strength sebesar 18,43 N/mm2 dan Yield Strength sebesar 16,43 N/mm2 serta nilai impak sebesar 0,015 J/mm2. Pada pengamatan struktur mikro, ukuran diameter butir rata-rata menurun yang menyebabkan sampel baja laterit akan mengalami peningkatan kekerasan.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.37209/jtbbt.v9i1.88
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