Pengaruh Kecepatan Pendinginan Baja Fasa Ganda Fe-Ni hasil Tempa Panas terhadap Struktur Mikro dan Nilai Kekerasan

Muhammad Yunan Hasbi, Toni Bambang Romijarso, Permana Andi Paristiawan

Abstract


Kebutuhan material baja dengan berbagai kombinasi sifat mekanik menjadi isu yang sangat penting dalam perkembangan teknologi pada berbagai bidang. Kombinasi sifat mekanik tersebut dapat diwujudkan antara lain melalui mekanisme modifikasi fasa atau struktur mikro dalam suatu material. Berbagai teknik untuk memodifikasi fasa telah banyak dikembangkan, salah satu diantaranya melalui proses perlakuan panas.  Penelitian ini membahas  pengaruh variasi penggunaan media pendingin terhadap struktur mikro dan nilai kekerasan baja Fe-Ni. Sampel baja yang digunakan merupakan baja hasil proses tempa panas dengan pembebanan 100 ton pada suhu 1000°C. Sampel baja hasil tempa dipanaskan kembali pada suhu diantara Ac1 dan Ac3 yaitu 780 °C selama 1 jam. Kemudian masing-masing sampel dilanjutkan dengan proses pendinginan menggunakan beberapa media pendingin diantaranya udara, oli dan air. Berdasarkan analisis yang telah dilakukan, sampel baja as-cast dan baja pendinginan udara memiliki struktur mikro berupa ferit-perlit. Fasa ganda ferit-martensit terbentuk pada sampel dengan pendingin oli dan air dengan morfologi dan fraksi area yang berbeda. Bentuk fasa martensit yang dihasilkan media pendingin air cenderung berbentuk lath halus, sedangkan media pendingin oli menghasilkan fasa martensit berbentuk blok. Selanjutnya, fraksi area fasa ferit-martensit yang terbentuk juga dipengaruhi oleh kecepatan pendinginan. Fraksi area martensit memiliki kecenderungan meningkat seiring dengan peningkatan kecepatan pendinginan. Kondisi tersebut berpengaruh terhadap nilai kekerasan; sampel baja hasil pendinginan dengan media air memiliki nilai kekerasan tertinggi yaitu 520 HV.

Keywords


baja Fe-Ni, tempa panas, fasa ganda, media pendingin

Full Text:

PDF

References


W. D. Callister, Materials science and engineering: An introduction (2nd edition). 1991.

D. Irawan, Saefudin, T. B. Romijarso, and M. Y. Hasbi, “Microstructure and Mechanical Properties Analysis of Dual-Phase Lateritic Steel as an Alternative for SAE 3120 Steel Substitution,” Proc. 3RD Int. Semin. Metall. Mater. Explor. New Innov. Metall. Mater., vol. 2232, no. April, p. 060002, 2020, doi: 10.1063/5.0004775.

L. O. Wolf, F. Nürnberger, D. Rodman, and H. J. Maier, “The Effect of Intercritical Annealing on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ferritic–Martensitic Two-Phase Steels,” Steel Res. Int., vol. 88, no. 2, pp. 271–280, 2017, doi: 10.1002/srin.201600107.

S. Ghaemifar and H. Mirzadeh, “Enhanced Mechanical Properties of Dual-Phase Steel by Repetitive Intercritical Annealing,” Can. Metall. Q., vol. 56, no. 4, pp. 459–463, 2017, doi: 10.1080/00084433.2017.1361223.

X. Xu, S. van der Zwaag, and W. Xu, “The Effect of Martensite Volume Fraction on the Scratch and Abrasion Resistance of A Ferrite-Martensite Dual Phase Steel,” Wear, vol. 348–349, pp. 80–88, 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.wear.2015.11.017.

A. G. Kostryzhev, C. D. Slater, O. O. Marenych, and C. L. Davis, “Effect of Solidification Rate on Microstructure Evolution in Dual Phase Microalloyed Steel,” Sci. Rep., vol. 6, no. October, pp. 1–7, 2016, doi: 10.1038/srep35715.

Z. P. Xiong, A. G. Kostryzhev, N. E. Stanford, and E. V Pereloma, “Effect of Deformation on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Dual Phase Steel Produced Via Strip Casting Simulation,” Mater. Sci. Eng. A, vol. 651, pp. 291–305, 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.msea.2015.10.120.

M. Jafari, N. Saeidi, and M. Jamshidian, “Micromechanical Analysis of Martensite Distribution on Strain Localization in Dual Phase Steels by Scanning Electron Microscopy and Crystal Plasticity Simulation,” Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.msea.2016.05.094.

A. Ramazani, S. Kazemiabnavi, and R. Larson, “Quantification of Ferrite-Martensite Interface in Dual Phase Steels: A first-Principles Study,” vol. 116, pp. 231–237, 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.actamat.2016.06.047.

J. Zhang, H. Di, Y. Deng, and R. D. K. Misra, “Effect of Martensite Morphology and Volume Fraction on Strain Hardening and Fracture Behavior of Martensite-Ferrite Dual Phase Steel,” Mater. Sci. Eng. A, vol. 627, pp. 230–240, 2015, doi: 10.1016/j.msea.2015.01.006.

H. Li, S. Gao, Y. Tian, D. Terada, A. Shibata, and N. Tsuji, “Influence of Tempering on Mechanical Properties of Ferrite and Martensite Dual Phase Steel,” Mater. Today, no. 0, pp. 667–671, 2015, doi: 10.1016/j.matpr.2015.07.372.

V. L. De, H. N. Lorusso, and H. G. Svoboda, “Effect of Carbon Content on Microstructure And Mechanical Properties of Dual Phase Steels,” Procedia Mater. Sci., vol. 8, pp. 1047–1056, 2015, doi: 10.1016/j.mspro.2015.04.167.

C. Li, X. Li, G. Yuan, R. D. K. Misra, J. Kang, and G. Wang, “Precipitation Behavior and Mechanical Properties of a Hot Rolled Ti-Bearing Dual Phase Steel,” Mater. Sci. Eng. A, vol. 673, pp. 213–221, 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.msea.2016.07.076.

M. Sarwar, R. Priestner, M. Materials, and S. Centre, “Influence of Ferrite-Martensite Microstructural Morphology on Tensile Properties of Dual-Phase Steel,” J. Mater. Sci., vol. 31, pp. 2091–2095, 1996.

M. Türkmen and S. Gündüz, “Bake-Hardening Response of High Martensite Dual-Phase Steel with Different Morphologies and Volume Fractions,” Acta Metall. Sin. (English Lett., vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 279–289, 2014, doi: 10.1007/s40195-014-0043-5.

A. S. Kalbfleisch, G. Matthews, and P. J. Jacques, “On the Influence of the Cooling Rate on the Martensitic Transformation of Ni-Mn-Sn Heusler alloys,” Scr. Mater., vol. 114, pp. 121–124, 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2015.12.005.

W. Hui, Y. Zhang, C. Shao, S. Chen, X. Zhao, and H. Dong, “Effect of Cooling Rate and Vanadium Content on the Microstructure and Hardness of Medium Carbon Forging Steel,” J. Mater. Sci. Technol., vol. 32, no. 6, pp. 545–551, 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.jmst.2016.01.006.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.37209/jtbbt.v10i2.182

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Address:

Center for Material and Technical Product (B4T)

Jl. Sangkuriang No.14, Bandung, 40135, INDONESIA.

Email : jurnal.tbbt@b4t.go.id

Telp : +62-22-2504088

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

View My Stats