ANALISIS MIKROSTRUKTUR DAN SIFAT MEKANIK DARI BAJA TAHAN KARAT BEBAS NIKEL

Fadlin Qisthi Nasution

Abstract


Baja tahan karat austenitik adalah jenis baja tahan karat yang paling banyak diproduksi di dunia. Akhir-akhir ini terjadi fluktuasi harga nikel mentah yang berdampak negatif pada produksi baja tahan karat austenitik. Dari penelitian awal, ditemukan paduan multikomponen BCC fase tunggal dalam sistem paduan Fe-Cr-X-Y yang berpotensi menggantikan baja tahan karat austenitik. Penelitian ini difokuskan untuk mempelajari lebih lanjut struktur mikro dan perubahan sifat mekanik pada sistem paduan Fe-Cr-X-Y. Ternyata bahwa peningkatan kandungan kromium meningkatkan kekerasan dan mengurangi keuletan paduan. Penambahan 5% elemen X dan Y masing-masing dalam sistem paduan telah dapat menghasilkan berbagai paduan yang tidak mengandung fase sigma, yang merusak sifat mekanik baja tahan karat feritik, bahkan setelah perlakuan panas yang lama pada 300-500 oC. Namun, masih ada peningkatan kekerasan ketika paduan diberi perlakuan panas pada suhu tersebut. Ini menandakan pemisahan fase α dan α’ karena immiscibility dalam larutan padat. Studi lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk memecahkan masalah pemisahan fase ini.


Keywords


baja tahan karat, baja tahan karat feritik, alloys multikomponen, fase sigma, fase α

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.37209/jtbbt.v12i1.235

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